Messmer, M.L., Salapa, H.E., Popescu, B.F. & Levin, M.C. (2025). RNA binding protein dysfunction links smoldering/slowly expanding lesions to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology. 97(2): 313-328. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.27114
Donkers, S.J., Evans, C., Levin, M.C., Ives, K., Le, H., Lim, H.J. & Knox, K.B. (2025). Individualized physiotherapy and activity coaching in multiple sclerosis (IPAC-MS): Results of a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 106(8): 1145-1154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2025.02.005
Frank, C., Dawicki, W., Levin, M.C. & Dadochova, E. (2025). Fingolimod synergizes with anti-PD-1 radioimmunotherapy in an experimental multiple sclerosis model through enhanced lymph node retention and CD8+ depletion. Frontiers in Medicine. 3(12): 1593933. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1593933
Ansari, A., Thibault, P., Salapa, H., Clarke, J. & Levin, M.C. (2025). Mutations in hnRNP A1 drive neurodegeneration and alternative RNA splicing of neuronal gene targets. Neurobiology of Disease. 206: 106814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2025.106814
Clarke, J.W.E., Messmer, M.L., Pilon, J., Reding J., Thibault, P.A., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2025). Dysfunctional RNA binding protein induced neurodegeneration is attenuated by inhibition of the integrated stress response. BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease. 1871(1): 167562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167562
Freedman, M.S., Clift, F., Devonshire, V., Emond, F., Larochelle, C., Levin, M.C., MacLean, H., Morrow, S.A., Prat, A., Selchen, D., Smyth, P. & Vorobeychik, G. (2025). First line use of higher efficacy disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: Canadian Concensus Recommendations. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. 9: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2025.10342
Salapa, H.E., Thibault, P.A., Libner, C.D., Ding, Y., Clarke, J.P., Denomy, C., Hutchinson, C., Abidullah, H.M., Hammond, S.A., Pastushok, L., Vizeacoumar, F.S. & Levin, M.C. (2024). hnRNP A1 dysfunction alters RNA splicing and drives neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Nature Communications, 15: 356. https://rdcu.be/dvqwA
Vizeacoumar, F., Vizeacoumar, F. & Levin, M.C. (Submitted). Genome-wide screens reveal lack of (telomeric repeat containing RNA) TERRA methylation as a vulnerable target for telomerase overexpressing cancers. Nature.
Clarke, J.P., Thibault, P.A., Fatima, S., Salapa, H.E., Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Aravindhan, G. & Levin, M.C. (2023). Sequence- and structural-specific RNA oligonucleotide binding attenuates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 dysfunction. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 10:1178439. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1178439. PMID: 37426420; PMCID: PMC10325567.
Tokarska, N., Johnston, J., Salapa, H.E., Levin, M.C., Popescu, B., Muir, G. & Verge, V. (2023). Acute intermittent hypoxia: a novel non-invasive therapy that promotes intrinsic repair in the EAE model of MS. Glia, 71(8): 2045-2066. doi: 10.1002/glia.24381.
Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad, A., Salapa, H.E., Libner, C.D., Thibault, P.A. & Levin, M.C. (2022). hnRNP A1 dysfunction in oligodendrocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Glia, 71(3): 633-647.
Libner, C.D., Salapa, H.E., Hutchinson, C, Stang, T., Hammond, A. & Levin, M.C. (2022). Autoimmunity to a ribonucleoprotein drives neuron loss in an in vivo model of multiple sclerosis. Neurobiology of Disease, 140: 105775.
Anees, A., Salapa, H.E., Thibault, P.A., Hutchinson, C., Hammond, A.S. & Levin, M.C. (2021). Knockdown of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 results in neurite damage, altered stress granule biology and cellular toxicity in differentiated neuronal cells. eNeuro, 8(6): 00350-21.2021.
Clarke, J.P., Thibault, P.A., Salapa, H.E., Kim, D.E., Hutchinson, C. & Levin, M.C. (2021). Multiple sclerosis associated hnRNP A1 mutations alter hnRNP A1 dynamics and influence stress granule formation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(6): 2909.
Saini, A., Cochran, C., Zucker-Levin, A., Donkers, S.J., Kumar, P., Knox, K.B., MacPherson, J., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2021). A tripartite knowledge translation program: innovative patient-centered approach to clinical research participation for individuals with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis International, 2021: 7.
Kahovec, C., Saini, A. & Levin, M.C. (2021). Diagnostic Dilemma: An atypical case of astrocytoma in a patient with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology International, 13(2): 240-251.
Saini, A., Zucker-Levin, A., McMillan, B., Kumar, P., Donkers, S.J. & Levin, M.C. (2021). A descriptive correlational study to evaluate three measures of assessing upper extremity function in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis International, 2021: 8.
Clarke, J.P., Salapa, H.E., Thibault, P.A. & Levin, M.C. (2021). A comprehensive analysis of the role of hnRNP A1 function and dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 8: 659610.
Thibault, P.A., Ganesan, R., Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Clarke, J.P., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2021). hnRNP A/B proteins: an encyclopedic assessment of their roles in homeostasis and disease. Biology, 10(8): 712.
Li, M., Hamilton, R., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2021). Proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies induce dysfunctional RNA binding protein biology in mouse primary cortical neurons. Brain Sciences, 11: 1282.
Libner, C.D., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2020). The potential contribution of dysfunctional RNA binding proteins to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis and relevant models. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(13): 4571; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134571
Saini, A., Bach, K., Poliakov, I., Knox, K. & Levin, M.C. (2020). MRI spinal cord lesions in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients in Saskatchewan, Canada. International Journal of MS Care https://doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2019-081
Salapa, H.E., Libner, C.D. & Levin, M.C. (2020). Dysfunctional RNA binding protein biology and neurodegeneration in EAE in female mice. Journal of Neuroscience Research doi:10.1002/jnr.24554.
Libner, C., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2020). Antibodies to the RNA binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 contribute to neuronal loss in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Comparative Neurology doi: 0.1002/cne.24845
Martindale-Adams, J., Zuber, J., Levin, M.C., Burns, R., Graney, M.J. & Nichols, L.O. (2020). Integrating caregiver support into multiple sclerosis care. Multiple Sclerosis International https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3436726
Freedman, M.S., Devonshire, V., Duquette, P., Giacomini, P.S., Giuliani, F., Levin, M.C., Montalban, X., Morrow, S.A., Oh, J., Rotstein, D. & Yeh, E.A. Canadian MS Working Group (2020) Treatment Optimization in Multiple Sclerosis: Canadian MS Working Group Recommendations. Can J Neurol Sci.47(4):437-455. PMID: 32654681
Salapa, H.E., Hutchinson, C., Popescu, B.F. & Levin, M.C. (2020). Neuronal RNA-binding protein dysfunction in multiple sclerosis cortex. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 7(7):1214-1224. PMCID:PMC7359129
Libner, C.D., Salapa, H.E. & Levin M.C. (2020) The Potential Contribution of Dysfunctional RNA-Binding Proteins to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis and Relevant Models. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(13):E4571. PMCID: PMC7369711
Knox, K.B., Saini, A. & Levin, M.C. (2020) The Dilemma of When to Stop Disease-Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review and Canadian Regional Reimbursement Policies. International Journal of MS Care Vol. 22,2 (2020): 75-85. PMCID: PMC7204360
Lee, S., Salapa, H.E. & Levin, M.C. (2019). Localization of near-infrared labeled antibodies to the central nervous system in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS ONE. 14(2): 1-10. PMCID: PMC6377130
Salapa, H., Johnson, C., Hutchinson, C., Popescu, B. & Levin, M.C. (2018). Dysfunctional RNA binding proteins and stress granules in Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 324: 149-156. PMID: 30190085
Levin, M.C. & Kahovec, C. (2019) Stabilization without rituximab following disease activation in an alemtuzumab treated multiple sclerosis patient and overview of the literature. International Journal of MS Care Vol. 21,3 (2019):125-128. PMCID: PMC6552997
Levin, M.C., Lee, S., Gardner, L.A., Shin, Y., Douglas, J.N. & Salapa, H.E. (2017). Autoantibodies to heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein A1 (hnRNPA1) cause altered 'ribostasis' and neurodegeneration; the legacy of HAM/TSP as a model of progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol. 304: 56-62. PMID: 27449854
Salapa, H.E., Lee, S., Shin, Y. & Levin, M.C. (2017). Contribution of the degeneration of the neuroaxonal unit to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Brain Sciences. 7(6): 69. PMCID: PMC5483642
Douglas, J.N., Gardner, L.A., Salapa, H.E., Lalor, S.J., Lee, S., Segal, B.M., Sawchenko, P.E. & Levin, M.C. (2016). Antibodies to the RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 contribute to neurodegeneration in a model of central nervous system autoimmune inflammatory disease. J Neuroinflammation. 13(1): 178. PMCID: PMC4938923
Douglas JN, Gardner LA, Salapa HE, Levin MC. (2016). Antibodies to the RNA binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 colocalize to stress granules resulting in altered RNA and protein levels in a model of neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Cell Immunol. 7(2): 402. PMCID: PMC4928374
Tang J, Bailey J, Chang C, Faris R, Hong SH, Levin MC, Wang J. (2016). Effects of specialty pharmacy care on health outcomes in multiple sclerosis. American Health Drug Benefits. 9(8): 420-29. PMCID: PMC5394553
Gardner LA, Levin, MC. (2015). Importance of Apolipoprotein A-I in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Pharmacol. 6: 278. PMCID: PMC4654019
Levin MC, Jackson WC. (2014). Developing a therapeutic plan for treating MS: evidence for new treatments. J Clin Psychiatry. 75(12): e34. PMID: 25551246
Ganta K, Malik A, Wood JB, Levin MC. (2014). Radial contrast enhancement on brain magnetic imaging diagnostic of primary angiitis of the central nervous system: case report and review of the literature. (Editor’s Featured article) . J of Medical Case Reports. 8(26): 1-5. PMCID: PMC3917527
Meyers L, Groover CJ, Douglas J, Lee S, Levin MC, Gardner LG. (2014). A role for Apolipoprotein A-I in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 277(1-2): 176-85. PMID: 25468275
Levin MC, Douglas JN, Meyers L, Lee S, Shin Y, Gardner LA.(2014). Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis involves multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease. 4: 49-63. PMCID: PMC7337253
Lee S, Levin MC. (2014). Novel somatic single nucleotide variants within the RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 in multiple sclerosis patients. (Editor’s featured article). F1000Research. 3(132): 1-19. PMCID: PMC4168748
Levin MC, Lee S, Gardner LA, Shin Y, Douglas JN, Cooper C. (2013). Autoantibodies to non-myelin antigens as contributors to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. J Clin Cell Immunol. 4: 148. PMCID: PMC3866957
Douglas JN, Gardner L, Levin MC. (2013). Antibodies to an intracellular antigen penetrate neuronal cells and cause deleterious effects. J Clinical & Cellular Immunology. 4(1): 134.
Gardner LA, Desiderio DM, Groover CJ, Yates CR, Zucker-Levin AR, Bloom L, Levin MC. (2013). LC-MS/ MS Identification of the one carbon cycle metabolites in human plasma.Electrophoresis. 34: 1710-1716. PMID: 23417555
Levin MC, Lee S, Gardner L, Shin Y, Douglas J, Groover C. (2012). Pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegeneration based on the phenotypic expression of progressive forms of immune-mediated neurologic disease. Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease. 2: 175-187. PMCID: PMC6065584
Lee S, Shin Y, Clark D, Gotuzzo E, Levin MC. (2012). Cross-reactive antibodies to target proteins are dependent upon oligomannose glycosylated epitopes in HTLV-1 associated neurological disease. Journal of Clinical Immunology. 32: 736-745. PMID: 22392044
Douglas J, Gardner L, Lee S, Shin Y, Groover C, Levin MC. (2012). Antibody transfection into neurons as a tool to study disease pathogenesis. Journal of Visualized Experiments. 7(67): e4154. PMID: PMC3490253