• Salmonella is a rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae
    • S. enterica can be further broken down into 6 subspecies and over 2,600 serotypes
    • Divided into two broad groups:
      • Typhoidal
      • Non-typhoidal
    • Non-typhoidcal S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimrium (ST) are important diseases causing serotypes is in both humans and chickens
    • Salmonella are among the leading pathogens responsible for foodborne diseases in humans worldwide
    • Contaminated meat and eggs are the major sources of human Salmonella infection
    • Transmission can be vertical or transovarian and horizontal or fecal-oral
      • Carrier animals (dogs, cats, birds), insects (mites, beetles), contaminated poultry litter, feed, water and aerosol transmission
    • Vaccination and feed additives (prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, bacteriophages) used to alleviate Salmonella in poultry
  • Safe, broad and long-term protection still required